[racket] Why parameterize is so sloooow?

Sounds like Racket is using a "deep binding" strategy rather than "shallow
binding".  I expect that SBCL uses shallow.
 On Aug 16, 2013 5:10 AM, "Matthew Flatt" <mflatt at cs.utah.edu> wrote:

> At Fri, 16 Aug 2013 13:59:55 +0400, Roman Klochkov wrote:
> >
> > I compared parameterize with lexical var
> > ----
> > > (require rackunit)
> > > (define my-parameter (make-parameter (box 0)))
> > > (time
> >    (parameterize ([my-parameter (box 0)])
> >      (for ([x (in-range 10000000)])
> >        (set-box! (my-parameter)
> >                  (add1 (unbox (my-parameter)))))
> >      (check-equal? (unbox (my-parameter)) 10000000)))
> > cpu time: 3578 real time: 3610 gc time: 0
> > > (time
> >    (let ([my-parameter (box 0)])
> >      (for ([x (in-range 10000000)])
> >        (set-box! my-parameter
> >                  (add1 (unbox my-parameter))))
> >      (check-equal? (unbox my-parameter) 10000000)))
> > cpu time: 47 real time: 47 gc time: 0
> > ----
> >
> > 100 times difference!
> >
> > The same experiment with Common Lisp (SBCL):
> > ----
> > CL-USER> (setf *a* (list 0))
> > (0)
> > CL-USER> (time (progn (loop :for i :from 0 :below 10000000
> >             :do (setf (car *a*) (+ 1 (car *a*)))) (= (car *a*)
> 10000000)))
> > Evaluation took:
> >   0.063 seconds of real time
> >   0.062500 seconds of total run time (0.062500 user, 0.000000 system)
> >   98.41% CPU
> >   172,464,541 processor cycles
> >   0 bytes consed
> >
> > T
> > CL-USER> (let ((a (list 0))) (time (loop :for i :from 0 :below 10000000
> >             :do (setf (car a) (+ 1 (car a))))) (= (car a) 10000000))
> >
> > Evaluation took:
> >   0.047 seconds of real time
> >   0.046875 seconds of total run time (0.046875 user, 0.000000 system)
> >   100.00% CPU
> >   132,098,942 processor cycles
> >   0 bytes consed
> >
> > T
> > ----
> > Only 1.5 times.
> >
> > Is it undesirable to use parameterize as replacement for common lisp
> special
> > variables? What is it designed for then?
>
> Parameters in Racket are grouped together in a an extra layer called a
> "parameterization", which enables capture of the current values of all
> parameters. For example, when a new thread is created in Racket, then
> the new inherits all of the current parameter values from the creating
> thread. A lack of cleverness in that layer is probably the main effect
> on performance in yuor example.
>
> Using a raw, symbol-keyed continuation mark would be closer to a Common
> Lisp special variable, I think. On my machine:
>
>  ;; parameter
>  > (time
>     (parameterize ([my-parameter (box 0)])
>       (for ([x (in-range 10000000)])
>         (set-box! (my-parameter)
>                   (add1 (unbox (my-parameter)))))
>       (check-equal? (unbox (my-parameter)) 10000000)))
>  cpu time: 2539 real time: 2537 gc time: 0
>
>  ;; direct
>  > (time
>     (let ([my-parameter (box 0)])
>       (for ([x (in-range 10000000)])
>         (set-box! my-parameter
>                   (add1 (unbox my-parameter))))
>       (check-equal? (unbox my-parameter) 10000000)))
>  cpu time: 45 real time: 45 gc time: 0
>
>  ;; raw continuation mark:
>  > (time
>     (let ([my-parameter
>            (lambda ()
>              (continuation-mark-set-first #f 'my-parameter))])
>       (with-continuation-mark
>         'my-parameter
>         (box 0)
>         (begin
>           (for ([x (in-range 10000000)])
>             (set-box! (my-parameter)
>                       (add1 (unbox (my-parameter)))))
>           (check-equal? (unbox (my-parameter)) 10000000)))))
>  cpu time: 244 real time: 243 gc time: 0
>
> That's still a fact of 5 difference. I expect that dynamic binding and
> special variables have played a more prominent role in Common Lisp than
> parameters or even continuation-mark lookup in Racket, and so it would
> make sense that more work has been done in the SBCL to make them fast.
>
>
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